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RE: [VOIPSEC] VoIP-Phones: Weakness in proccessing SIP-Notify-Messages

From: "Walton, John Michael (John)" <jmwalton () avaya com>
Date: Fri, 29 Jul 2005 14:52:08 -0600
All-

Avaya is unable to duplicate any application unhandled exceptions,
crashes, or reboots due to unsolicited SIP NOTIFY message processing in
the Avaya 4620 and IP Softphone endpoints.  Furthermore, Avaya tested a
number of variations of the unsolicited SIP NOTIFY messages including
utilizing network captures from Tobias Glemser.  After a discussion with
Mark Teicher about his testing, Avaya is still unable to identify any
issues with the processing of unsolicited SIP NOTIFY messages in these
products.  

Avaya has also tested SIP endpoints currently under development and we
have confirmed that they are not vulnerable - a "481 Subscription does
not exist" response is sent for unsolicited SIP NOTIFY messages as per
RFC 3265.
  
Since the Avaya H.323 endpoints (e.g. 4620 and IP Softphone) don't open
or utilize any of the SIP ports (i.e. 5060 and 5061), messages to these
ports had no affect on the Avaya H.323 endpoints in our testing.  For
thoroughness, Avaya tested ports on the Avaya H.323 endpoints, which are
open for processing H.323 messages.  

On Avaya IP Softphone, the following log entries can be seen when a SIP
message is received, on open H.323 ports, from an unexpected address:

[07/08/2005 12:47:16:930] ERROR: RAS : processingPendingRead:
XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX is not in the server list. Discarding the message...

When a SIP message is received from a valid call server IP address, on
the open H.323 ports, the following log entries can be seen:

[07/08/2005 14:42:09:944] ERROR: RAS : RASIncomingMsg:
EmH225RASParseMessage failed. result=-939523830.
[07/08/2005 14:42:09:944] ERROR: RAS : processIncomingMsg: Validation
failed   

These log entries are made to note that an invalid H.323 message was
received and discarded; however, Avaya did not witness any unhandled
exceptions or crashes in our testing.   

Note: To view these messages, low level logging must be enabled.  This
can be done by selecting "Tools" from the IP Softphone dropdown menu
followed by clicking "Program Options."  Under "Program Options" select
"Event Logging" and check the box for IP Softphone "Enable ALL logging
for technical support".  This change will require an application restart
and the above messages can be found in the "iClarity.txt" log file
located in the Avaya IP Softphone logging directory (i.e. "C:\Program
Files\Avaya\Avaya IP Softphone\Log Files").

If in the future, more information becomes available, Avaya is willing
to reevaluate our assessment and pursue the issue further.  Information
regarding possible security issues in Avaya products or services should
be sent to securityalerts[at]avaya.com.

Cheers,

-John Walton, CISSP
Lead Security Engineer
Product Security Support Team (PSST)
Avaya, Inc.

-----Original Message-----
From: Walton, John Michael (John) 
Sent: Friday, July 08, 2005 5:24 PM
To: bugtraq () securityfocus com
Subject: RE: [VOIPSEC] VoIP-Phones: Weakness in proccessing
SIP-Notify-Messages

All-

The Avaya Product Security Support Team (PSST) has been alerted to the
"Weakness in processing SIP-Notify-Messages" advisory.  We are in the
process of investigating whether any Avaya SIP-enabled or H.323-enabled
devices are affected by these issues.  In addition, we are attempting to
work with Mark to duplicate and validate his testing of the Avaya H.323
IPSoftphone and Avaya 4620 hard phone.  Once our investigation is
complete we will update the list with our findings and, if necessary,
release an Avaya Security Advisory to address any outlined concerns. 

The Avaya Product Security Support Team (PSST) takes the security of
Avaya products seriously. We would like to develop a relationship with
our customers and the public to encourage them to forward
vulnerabilities to us. Please send information regarding any discovered
security problems with Avaya products to securityalerts[at]avaya.com. I,
or someone on the PSST, will work directly to validate the problem and
coordinate a response; including an acknowledgement for working with us
to help protect customers. 

Cheers,

John Walton, CISSP
Lead Security Engineer
Product Security Support Team (PSST)
Avaya, Inc.

-----Original Message-----
From: gary madsen [mailto:gmads.seclists () gmail com] 
Sent: Friday, July 08, 2005 7:55 AM
To: bugtraq () securityfocus com
Subject: Fwd: [VOIPSEC] VoIP-Phones: Weakness in proccessing
SIP-Notify-Messages

FYI

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Mark Teicher <mht3 () earthlink net>
Date: Jul 7, 2005 7:06 PM
Subject: Re: [VOIPSEC] VoIP-Phones: Weakness in proccessing
SIP-Notify-Messages
To: Tobias Glemser <tglemser () tele-consulting com>
Cc: voipsec () voipsa org


Interesting results when executed against the Avaya Softphone and
Avaya 4620.  The Avaya Softphone throws an exception msg handler
window and the application process handler becomes unresponsive  :)

At 03:16 AM 7/7/2005, Tobias Glemser wrote:

                  Tele-Consulting GmbH
            security | networking | training

                advisory 05/07/06

URL of this advisory:
http://pentest.tele-consulting.com/advisories/05_07_06_voip-phones.txt


Topic:
    Weakness in implemenation of proccessing SIP-Notify-Messages
    in VoIP-Phones.

Summary:
    Due to ignoring the value of 'Call-ID' and even 'tag' and
    'branch' while processing NOTIFY messages, VoIP-Hardphones
    process spoofed status messages like "Messages-Waiting".

    According to RFC 3265, Chap 3.2 every NOTIFY has to be em-
    bedded in a subcription mechanism. If there ain't knowledge
    of a subscription, the UAC has to respond with a "481
    Subscription does not exist" message.

    All tested phones processed the "Messages-Waiting" messages
    without prior subscriptions anywhere.

Effect:
    An attacker could send "Messages-Waiting: yes" messages to
    all phones in a SIP-environment. Almost every phone proccesses
    this status message and shows the user an icon or a blinking
    display to indicate that new messages are available on the
    voice box.

    If the attacker sends this message to many recipients in a
    huge environment, it would lead to server peaks as many users
    will call the voice box at the same time.
    Because there are no new voice messages as indicated by the
    phone the users will call the support to fix this alleged server
    problem.

    All tested phones process the message with a resetted Call-ID,
    'branch' and 'tag' sent by a spoofed IP-Adress.

Example:
    Attacker spoofs the SIP-Proxys IP, here: 10.1.1.1
    Victim 10.1.1.2

    UDP-Message from Attacker to Victim

    Session Initiation Protocol
         Request-Line: NOTIFY sip:login@10.1.1.2 SIP/2.0
         Message Header
             Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 15.1.1.12:5060;branch=000000000000000
             From: "asterisk" <sip:asterisk@10.1.1.1>;tag=000000000
             To: <sip:login@10.1.1.2>
              Contact: <sip:asterisk@10.1.1.1>
              Call-ID: 00000000000000@10.1.1.1
             CSeq: 102 NOTIFY
                 User-Agent: Asterisk PBX
              Event: message-summary
              Content-Type: application/simple-message-summary
              Content-Length: 37
         Message body
              Messages-Waiting: yes\n
              Voicemail: 3/2\n

Solution:
    Phones who receive a NOTIFY message to which no subscription
    exists, must send a "481 Subscription does not exist" response.
    It should be possible to use the REGISTER request as a
    non-SUBSCRIBE mechanism to set up a valid subscription.

    This would reduce the possibility of an attack in a way, that
    only with a sniffed and spoofed subcription such an attack would
    be possible. Background is given by the way dialogs are des-
    cribed in RFC 3261 and the sections 5.5 and 3.2 of RFC 3265.


Affected products:
    Cisco 7940/7960
    Grandstream BT 100
    others will be tested in future


--
Tobias Glemser


TTTTTTT CCCC
  TT   C  tglemser () tele-consulting com         +49 (0)7032/97580

(fon)

  TT  C   pentest.tele-consulting.com          +49 (0)7032/74750

(fax)

  TT  C
  TT   C  Tele-Consulting GmbH, Siedlerstrasse 22-24, 71126 Gaeufelden
  TT    CCCC             security | networking | training


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